In this paper we present a new series of (E)(Z)-2-(5,6-difluoro-(1H)2H-benzotriazol-1(2)-yl)-3-(R)acrylonitrile (9a-j, 10e, 11a,b) and (E)-2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-(R)acrylonitrile derivatives (13d,j), which were recognised to act as MTAs agents. MTAs could be classified in two groups: microtubule stabilising agents (MSAs) and microtubule destabilising agents (MDAs). These compounds, called microtubule targeting agents (MTAs), cause a mitotic arrest during G2/M phase, subsequently inducing cell apoptosis. Microtubules (MTs) are the principal target for drugs acting against mitosis. In summary, we highlight the important antitumor potential of propolis from stingless bees, but further preclinical and clinical trials are needed to explore the selectivity, efficacy, and safety of propolis. Additionally, the correlation between compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential is demonstrated that help in the prevention of cancer development. These mechanisms include apoptotic events modulation of BAX, BAD, BCL2-L1 (BCL-2 like 1), and BCL-2 depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane increased caspase-3 activity poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and cell death induction by necroptosis via receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) activation. In this context, this article organizes the main studies describing the anticancer potential of propolis from different species of stingless bees with an emphasis on the chemical compounds, mechanisms of action, and cell death profiles. Investigations of the potential of these products are extremely important, not only for providing a scientific basis for their use as adjuvants for existing drug therapies but also as a source of new and potent anticancer drugs. The rich biodiversity of tropical and subtropical regions of the world provides considerable bioprospecting potential, including the potential of propolis produced by stingless bee species. ![]() Natural products are important sources of biomolecules possessing antitumor activity and can be used as anticancer drug prototypes.
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